Ahịa dị na Somalia. foto Jjumba Martin sere maka Mercy Corps.

Ruo n'ọnwa Mee afọ 2026, Somalia, obodo nwere ihe karịrị nde mmadụ iri abụọ, nọ n'otu n'ime nsogbu ụkọ nri kacha njọ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ya. Dịka nchọpụta e bipụtara n'abalị iri na anọ nke ọnwa Mee afọ 2026 nke otu Integrated Food Security Phase Classification mere si kwuo, ihe dị ka nde mmadụ isii nọ n'ọnọdụ agụụ siri ike. Ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ịtụle ogo nchekwa nri na ụkọ nri bụ otu mba ụwa nke ọtụtụ ndị na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ hiwere iji mee ka nyocha banyere nchekwa nri na ihe oriri bụrụ nke ziri ezi ma nyere ndị na-eme mkpebi aka.

E nwere ọtụtụ ihe jikọtara ọnụ na-akpata nsogbu a. Ha gụnyere oge mmiri ozuzo na-adịghị eru eru nke na-eme ugboro ugboro, ọnọdụ nchekwa na-adịghị mma nke na-egbochi iru ndị chọrọ enyemaka, na agha ndị U.S na-aga n'ihu n'ọdịda anyanwụ Eshia nke butere ịrị elu ọnụ ahịa mmanụ ụgbọala na ihe oriri.

Nsogbu mgbanwe ihu igwe emeela ka ọnọdụ ahụ ka njọ

Somalia, nke dị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ Afrịka, nwere ihu igwe akpọm nkụ. Obodo ahụ nwere oge anọ n'afọ: oge ọkọchị abụọ na oge mmiri ozuzo abụọ. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mmiri ozuzo na-adịghị eru eru n'oge a na-atụ anya ya emeela ka ala daa ogbenye ma mebie ọrụ ugbo.

N'ihi nke a, anụ ụlọ esighị ike, owuwe ihe ubi belatara, ebe mmiri kpọrọ nkụ, ma ọtụtụ ezinụlọ ndị na-azụ anụ na ndị ọrụ ugbo tufuru ụzọ ha si enweta ego na nri.

Dika Radio France Internationale siri kwuo, Azụmahịa anụ ụlọ, nke bụ otu n'ime ụzọ kacha mkpa Somalia si enweta ego mba ọzọ, ka na-aga n'ihu n'agbanyeghị nnukwu nsogbu nchekwa.

Agha ngwa sitere n'ịdaba ọchịchị, esemokwu agbụrụ, mgbasa ngwa agha, nrụrụ aka na mmụba nke ndị agha na-emegide ọchịchị dịka Al-Shabaab ka na-aga n'ihu n'ọtụtụ mpaghara. Nke a emeela ka nkesa nri na enyemaka sie ike ma gbochie ndị ọrụ enyemaka iru ndị kacha nwee mkpa.

Dị ka nchọpụta IPC kachasị ọhụrụ si kwuo, nde mmadụ isii nọ n'ọnọdụ agụụ siri ike(IPC fazi nke atọ maọbu karịa), ebe ihe karịrị nde mmadụ otu na narị puku itoolu nọ n'ọnọdụ gbatagbata. Na mbipụta UNICEF na nsote njem ya gaa Dollow, obodo dị na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwu  Gedo, nke ọdida Anyanwụ Somalịa. Onye isi otu ahụ bụ Catherine Russel kwuru na:

Rows of beds with malnourished children and anxious mothers just hoping their children would survive are one of the most heartbreaking scenes I’ve ever witnessed. Although people are incredibly resilient, they urgently need more support. All the alarm bells are ringing, mainly due to the conflict in Western Asia.

Otu n'ime ihe kacha ewute ya bụ ịhụ ọtụtụ ụmụaka dara ogbenye n'ihi ụkọ nri ka ha dina n'elu akwa, ebe ndị nne ha nọ n'akụkụ ha na-atụ anya naanị ka ụmụ ha dịrị ndụ. Ọ kọwara na ndị Somalia nwere nnukwu ndidi, ma ha chọrọ enyemaka ozugbo n'ihi na ihe niile na-egosi na ọnọdụ ahụ na-akawanye njọ, ọ kacha niihi agha dị na Eshia.

Na mpaghara Burhakaba dị na mpaghara  Bay na ndịda Somalia, ihe karịrị otu n'ime ụmụaka atọ ọ bụla na-erubeghị afọ ise na-arịa nnukwu ụkọ nri. Ndị ọrụ enyemaka dọrọ aka ná ntị na ma ọ bụrụ na enyemaka buru ibu erughị ebe ahụ ngwa ngwa, mpaghara ahụ nwere ike ịdaba n'ọnọdụ ụnwụ.

N'afọ 2026, a na-atụ anya na nde ụmụaka otu nde na narị puku narị asatọ na iri asatọ ga-achọ ọgwụgwọ maka ụkọ nri siri ike. Ọ bụ ezie na ego enyemaka e nyere n'oge gara aga gbochiri nnukwu ụnwụ n'afọ 2022, ohere ahụ na-ebelata ngwa ngwa.

Nsogbu dị na ụzọ mmiri Hormuz: Ọgbaaghara dị anya nke na-emetụta ndụ ndị Somalia.

Nsogbu malitere n'ọnwa Febrụwarị afọ 2026 n'otu ụzọ mmiri dị mkpa n'ụwa emetụtala Somalia nke ukwuu. Tupu nsogbu ahụ amalite, nnukwu akụkụ mmanụ ụgbọala ụwa na-agafe ụzọ mmiri ahụ. Ebe Somalia na-adabere nke ukwuu n'ịbubata ihe ndị si esi, nsogbu ahụ mere ka mbubata ngwaahịa sie ike.

N'ọnwa Maachị afọ 2026, ọnụ ahịa mmanụ ụgbọala rịrị elu nke ukwuu ruo pasentị otu narị na iri ise na Somalịa site na USD 0.60 maọbụ USD 1.50 maka otu lita. Nke a mere ka ibuga mmiri, nri na enyemaka bụrụ ihe siri ike. N'ebe ụkọ mmiri kacha njọ, ọnụ ahịa mmiri rịrị elu karịa okpukpu iri abụọ n'ime otu afọ. N'otu mpaghara Mudbug etiti Somalia, ego ime njem rịrị elu nke ukwuu ruo pasenti iri ise, nke mere ka ọtụtụ ezinụlọ ghara inwe ike ịga ụlọ ọgwụ.

Somalia na-ebubatakwa pasenti iri atọ fatịlaịza ya site n'ọdịda anyanwụ Eshia. Nsogbu ahụ mere n'oge ndị ọrụ ugbo kwesịrị ịzụta ihe ha ga-eji kụọ ihe nke oge Gu, oge mbido mmiri ozuzu n'Africa (dika akọwaputara n'eli) Dika ngalaba mgbasa ozi bụ Le Grand Continent si kwuo, nke a mere ka owuwe ihe ubi nke afọ 2026 nwee nnukwu mmebi nke siri ike idozi.

Mbelata ego enyemaka

Ọzọkwa, nke a butere  mbelata ego enyemaka a na-enye Somalia  nke ukwuu. Dịka ndị Doctors Without Borders (MSF) si kwuo, na ọnwa Eptrel 2026, N'ime USD 1.42 billion achọrọ iji nyere obodo ahụ aka, naanị USD 288 million ka e nyere ha nke ruru mbelata pasenti iri abuọ. Nke a mere ka ọnụ ọgụgụ pasentị iri asaa na ise nke atụmatụ enyemaka a daa nke ukwuu site na mbelata sitere na nnweta enyemaka ndị dị nde isii bụrụ nke ndị dị otu nde naụma atọ mmadụ. N'ihi nke a, ihe karịrị ụlọ ọgwụ na ebe a na-agwọ ndị nwere ọrịa ụkọ nri narị abụọ emechiela kemgbe mmalite afọ 2025, na-eme ka ihe dị ka nde mmadụ otu nde na narị puku asaa na-enweghị nlekọta ahụike dị mkpa.

Otu nwanyị Somalia aha ya bụ Halima kwuru na mbipụta MSF na ọ gara ụlọ ọgwụ  nke ndị ọrụ enyemaka MSF di na mpaghara Mudug na-akwado n'ihi na a na-enye ọgwụgwọ n'efu. O kwuru:

I came here because the services are free. Otherwise, I wouldn’t have been able to get healthcare for my child.

Abịara m ebe a n’ihi na ọrụ nlekọta ahụike a bụ n’efu. Ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị otú ahụ, agaraghị m enwe ike ịgwọ nwa m.

Mgbe ọ na-ekwu maka iri elu nke ego e ji eme njem nke ọ na-enweghịzi ike ịkwụ, ọ gara n’ihu ịkọwa ọnọdụ ya: 

It has become a lot more expensive and challenging than before. Many people must now walk long distances just to access healthcare.

Ọ dịla oke ọnụ ma sie ike karịa ka ọ dị na mbụ. Ugbu a, ọtụtụ mmadụ na-aga ije ogologo ụzọ naanị iji nweta nlekọta ahụike.

N’etiti nsogbu nchekwa a,  Mercy Corps, otu enyemaka ndị mmadụ si na United States nke na-arụ ọrụ n’uzọ ọchịchị mgbanwe na ebe enweghị ntụkwasị obi, kwụsịrị ikesa nri, ibuga mmiri n’ụgbọala, na inye ụmụaka na-arịa oke erighị nri nkwado nri n’ihi ụkọ akụrụngwa. N’ogige ndị mmadụ a chụpụrụ n’ụlọ ha dị na Mogadishu, isi obodo Somalia, ndị mmadụ ka na-abata ọbụna mgbe a kwụsịrị nkesa enyemaka.

Mohamed Abdi, Onye Isi Ndị Kansụl Ndị Gbara Ọsọ Maka Ndị Mgbaba nke Norway na Somalia, kwuru n'ụzọ doro anya:

As we speak, the Burhakaba communities (in the Bay region) are on the brink of famine and could cross that threshold by June. Only 15 percent of the humanitarian response receives funding. We are watching this situation worsen in real time while the resources to prevent it are lacking.

Ka anyị na-ekwu ugbu a, obodo ndị Burhakaba (n’ógbè Bay) eruola n’ọnụ ọnụ ụnwụ ga-egbu mmadụ, ma ha nwere ike ịbanye n’ọkwa ahụ n’ọnwa Juun. Naanị pasent iri na ise (15%) nke enyemaka mmadụ ka na-enweta ego nkwado. Anyị na-ele ọnọdụ a ka ọ na-akawanye njọ n’anya anyị, ebe akụrụngwa a ga-eji gbochie ya adịghị.

Oge enyemaka mba ụwa na-ebelata na-etinye ndụ nde mmadụ n’ihe ize ndụ

Somalia bụ ezigbo ihe ịmaatụ nke nsogbu ka ukwuu na-eme ugbu a n’ụwa. Ego mba ụwa na-enye maka ọrụ enyemaka mmadụ na-aga n’ihu na-ebelata, ebe mkpa ndị mmadụ na-abawanye n’ihi mmetụta zuruọnụ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na ọgbaaghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Daud Jiran, Onye Isi Mercy Corps na Somalia, chịkọtara ọnọdụ ahụ n’ụzọ dị mfe sị:

Somalia risks becoming one of the first major crises of the ‘post-aid’ era. A place where subsistence is becoming more expensive, and responses are shrinking just as needs are increasing.

Somalia nọ n’ihe ize ndụ ịbụ otu n’ime nnukwu nsogbu mbụ nke oge a na-akpọ “oge enyemaka na-ebelata.” Ọ bụ ọnọdụ ebe ọnụ ahịa ibi ndụ na-arị elu, ebe enyemaka mmadụ na-ebelata n’oge mkpa ndị mmadụ na-abawanye.

N’afọ 2022, nchịkọta ego enyemaka e mere ngwa ngwa gbochiri ka a kwupụta ụnwụ ga-egbu mmadụ n’ógbè ndị a. Taa, òtù dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ enyemaka mmadụ n’ebe ahụ na-akpọku ka e mee otu ihe ahụ ọzọ: ka a mụbaa enyemaka nri, mee ka mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị ọcha bụrụ nke ndị mmadụ ga-enweta, gbasaa ọrụ ahụike na nri na-edozi ahụ, ma gaa n’ihu na-akwado ụzọ ndị obodo ndị emetụtara si ebi ndụ. Naanị izu ole na ole fọdụrụ tupu ọnọdụ a gafee ọkwa a na-ekwupụta n’ụzọ gọọmenti na e nwere ụnwụ ga-egbu mmadụ na Burhakaba.